What scenario requires an incident report to be filed with the NTSB during a flight?

In the context of aviation law, specific criteria trigger the requirement to file an incident report with the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). The correct scenario involves crew action resulting in a runway incursion. A runway incursion refers to any occurrence at an airport involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person on the protected area of a runway or taxiway. Such events are significant as they pose serious safety risks and may lead to potential collisions or accidents.

The report is necessary to facilitate the investigation of the incident, ensuring that safety protocols are evaluated and improved to prevent future occurrences. The NTSB's role is to enhance aviation safety through in-depth analysis and reporting of incidents that could lead to significant accidents or jeopardize safety.

In contrast, a successful emergency landing without injuries does not typically require a report, as long as no further safety issues arise from the landing. Minor aircraft damage from ground handling is usually classified as non-reportable unless it meets specific thresholds, and landing at a non-commercial airstrip often does not fall under the scope of mandatory reporting unless associated with an accident or incident classified under NTSB guidelines.