Who is responsible for the regulatory oversight of commercial space launch and re-entry operations?

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is tasked with the regulatory oversight of commercial space launch and re-entry operations. This responsibility stems from the Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984, which was enacted to promote private sector involvement in space activities and to ensure public safety during such operations. The FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST) oversees the licensing and safety regulations for commercial space launch and re-entry.

The FAA develops regulations and policies that govern these activities, ensuring that operators meet safety standards and that there is a comprehensive framework for risk management. This includes evaluating the potential risks to public safety, property, and the environment, which are crucial aspects of regulatory oversight.

In contrast, NASA’s primary focus is on the nation’s space program and its missions rather than regulating commercial operations. The Department of Defense is more concerned with military space operations and national security, while the Civil Aeronautics Board, which was dissolved in 1985, dealt mainly with air transportation and does not have a role in space activities. Therefore, the FAA is clearly identified as the agency with the authority and responsibility for the regulation of commercial space activities.